What approach should be selected to ensure the safest approach at night?

Selecting an approach procedure that ensures the safest approach at night often involves the consideration of the level of precision and guidance provided. The Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance (LPV) approach is a highly precise approach that utilizes satellite-based navigation (specifically GPS) and provides both lateral and vertical guidance.

At night, or during low-visibility conditions, having comprehensive lateral and vertical guidance is paramount for safety. The LPV approach achieves this by using the WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System), which enhances the accuracy, integrity, and availability of GPS signals. This allows pilots to fly a more precise approach into the airport, reducing the chances of misalignment or altitude deviations.

While ILS (Instrument Landing System) is another precise option that provides similar lateral and vertical guidance, LPV approaches are often more accessible user-wise, as they do not rely on ground-based navigation aids. Additionally, GPS approaches—including LPV—may offer more coverage, particularly at airports that lack ILS equipment.

In summary, the LPV approach is an excellent choice for night operations due to its precise vertical and lateral navigation capabilities, ensuring a safer descent and landing in conditions where visual references may be limited.